First/assembly.c

#include "assembly.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define MAX_LABEL_SIZE 30
#define MAX_LABEL_SIZE_str "30"

// Max instruction width is 25 characters without the null char
//
// INSTRUCTIONS:
//    BYTE 3       BYTE 2       BYTE 1       BYTE 0
// +===================================================+
// |            |            |            |            |
// +===================================================+
//
//
// Exception:
//      The bytecode 0xFFFFFFFx is an invalid command
//    where x is any nibble
//
//
// INSTRUCTION FORMAT 0:
// +===================================================+
// | OPCODE     |      24 BIT IMMEDIATE ADDRESS        |
// +===================================================+
//
// INSTRUCTION FORMAT 1:
// +===================================================+
// |          OPCODE         | SOURCE REG | DEST REG   |
// +===================================================+
//
// INSTRUCTION FORMAT 2:
// +===================================================+
// |   OPCODE   | DEST REG   |    16 BIT IMMEDIATE     |
// +===================================================+
//
//
//
//  OPCODE FORMAT:
//  ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
//  |BIT | 0   | 1   | 2   | 3   | 4   | 5   | 6   | 7   | 8   | 9   | 10  | 11  | 12  | 13  | 14  | 15  |
//  +----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+
//  |    | INSTR. FORMAT   |    8bit opcode num          :          16bit opcode num                     |
//  +----+-----------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
//
//
//  INSTRUCTION FORMAT 0 OPCODE NUM:
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | NUM   | DESCRIPTION                      | AFFECT FLAGS |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h0  | NOP                              |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h1  | Unconditional Jump               |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h2  | Jump if zero flag is set         |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h3  | Jump if zero flag is not set     |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h4  | Jump if carry flag is set        |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h5  | Jump if carry flag is not set    |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h10 | Unconditional ret                |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h11 | Unconditional call               |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h12 | Call if zero flag is set         |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h13 | Call if zero flag is not set     |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h14 | Call if carry flag is set        |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h15 | Call if carry flag is not set    |      NO      |
//
//  |       |                                  |              |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'h0F | MOV immediate to SP              |              |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  |       |                                  |              |
//
//
//
//  INSTRUCTION FORMAT 1 OPCODE NUM:
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | NUM   | DESCRIPTION                      | AFFECT FLAGS |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 13'd0 | ADD                              |      YES     |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------|
//  | 13'd1 | SUBTRACT                         |      YES     |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------|
//  | 13'd2 | SHIFT LEFT                       |      YES     |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------|
//  | 13'd3 | SHIFT RIGHT                      |      YES     |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------|
//  | 13'd4 | COMPARE  (SUBTRACT WITHOUT SAVE) |      YES     |
//  +-------+----------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 13'd5 | HALT                             |      NO      |
//
//
//  INSTRUCTION FORMAT 2 OPCODE NUM:
//  +-------+----------------------------------------------+--------------+
//  | NUM   | DESCRIPTION                                  | AFFECT FLAGS |
//  +-------+----------------------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'd0 | MOV IMMEDIATE TO DEST LOW PART OF REGISTER    |      NO      |
//  +-------+----------------------------------------------+--------------+
//  | 5'd1 | MOV IMMEDIATE TO DEST HIGH PART OF REGISTER   |      NO      |

#define MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH 26

char *disassemble(uint32_t opcode_be){
	uint32_t opcode=(opcode_be&0x000000FF)<<24|(opcode_be&0x0000FF00)<<8|(opcode_be&0x00FF0000)>>8|(opcode_be&0xFF000000)>>24;
	char *ret=malloc(MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH);

	if (!ret)
		return NULL;

	//////// PARSE BITECODE //////////

	int instruction_format,opcode_num;
	uint32_t val;
	uint8_t val1;
	uint8_t val2;

	instruction_format=(opcode&0xE0000000)>>29;
	if(instruction_format==0){
		// 8bit opcode
		opcode_num=(opcode&0x1F000000)>>24;
		val=opcode&0x00FFFFFF;

		switch(opcode_num){
			case 0x00:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"NOP");
				break;
			case 0x10:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"RET");
				break;
			case 0x01:
			case 0x11:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"%s $%06X",(opcode_num&0x10)?"CALL":"JMP",val);
				break;
			case 0x02:
			case 0x03:
			case 0x12:
			case 0x13:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"%s,%s $%06X",(opcode_num&0x10)?"CALL":"JMP",opcode_num&1?"NZ":"Z",val);
				break;
			case 0x04:
			case 0x05:
			case 0x14:
			case 0x15:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"%s,%s $%06X",(opcode_num&0x10)?"CALL":"JMP",opcode_num&1?"NC":"C",val);
				break;
			case 0x0F:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"MOV $%06X,%%SP",val);
				break;
			default:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"UNRECOGNISED INSTR");
				break;
		}
	}else if(instruction_format==1){
		// 16bit opcode
		opcode_num=(opcode&0x1FFF0000)>>16;
		val1=(opcode&0x0000FF00)>>8;
		val2=opcode&0x000000FF;

		switch(opcode_num){
			case 0x00:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"ADD %%R%0d, %%R%0d",val1,val2);
				break;
			case 0x01:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"SUB %%R%0d, %%R%0d",val1,val2);
				break;
			case 0x02:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"SL %%R%0d",val1);
				break;
			case 0x03:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"SR %%R%0d",val1);
				break;
			case 0x04:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"CMP %%R%0d, %%R%0d",val1,val2);
				break;
			case 0x05:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"HALT");
				break;
			default:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"UNRECOGNISED INSTRUCTION");
				break;
		}
	}else if(instruction_format==2){
		// 16bit opcode
		opcode_num=(opcode&0x1F000000)>>24;
		val1=(opcode&0x00FF0000)>>16;
		val=opcode&0x0000FFFF;

		switch(opcode_num){
			case 0x00:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"MOV $%04X, %%R%0dl",val,val1);
				break;
			case 0x01:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"MOV $%04X, %%R%0dh",val,val1);
				break;
			default:
				snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"UNRECOGNISED INSTRUCTION");
				break;
		}
	}else
		snprintf(ret,MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH,"UNRECOGNISED INSTRUCTION");

	return ret;
}

int32_t parse_immediate(char* str,struct assembler_context_t *assembler_context){
	if(*str=='0'){
		uint32_t addr;
		if(sscanf(str,"%06X",&addr)!=1)
			return -1;
		else
			return addr&0x00FFFFFF;
	}else{
		// Get name size
		int len=0;
		for(int i=0;i<MAX_LABEL_SIZE+1;i++){
			if(i==MAX_LABEL_SIZE)
				return -2;
			if(str[i]==0||str[i]=='\n'||str[i]==' '){
					break;
			}else
					len++;
		}

		struct label_ll_t *search=assembler_context->label_ll;
		while(search){
			if(strncmp(str,search->name,len)==0)
				return search->address;
			search=search->next;
		}
		return -2;
	}
}

uint32_t assemble_line(char *line, struct assembler_context_t *assembler_context){
	uint16_t opcode;
	int x;
	int call;
	if( ((call=strncmp(line,"JMP",3))==0) || (strncmp(line,"CALL",4)==0) ){
		if(call){
			x=4;
			opcode=0x10;
		}else{
			x=3;
			opcode=0x00;
		}
		if(line[x]==' '){
			opcode|=0x01;
		}else if(line[x]==','){
			x++;
			if(line[x]=='Z'){
				opcode|=0x02;
				x++;
			}else if(line[x]=='C'){
				opcode|=0x04;
				x++;
			}else if(line[x]=='N'){
				x++;
				if(line[x]=='Z'){
					opcode|=0x03;
					x++;
				}else if(line[x]=='C'){
					opcode|=0x09;
					x++;
				}else
					return 0xFFFFFFFF;
			}else
				return 0xFFFFFFFF;
		}else
			return 0xFFFFFFFF;
		while(line[x]==' ')x++;
		if(line[x]=='$'){
			x++;
			int32_t imm=parse_immediate(line+x,assembler_context);
			if(imm<0){
				switch(imm){
					default:
						return 0xFFFFFFFF;
					case -2:
						return 0xFFFFFFFE;
				}
			}else
				return opcode<<24|(imm&0x00FFFFFF);
		}else
			return 0xFFFFFFFF;
	}else{
		uint8_t r1,r0,params;
		if(strncmp(line,"ADD",3)==0){
			x=3;
			opcode=0x2000;
			params=2;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"SUB",3)==0){
			x=3;
			opcode=0x2001;
			params=2;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"SL",2)==0){
			x=2;
			opcode=0x2002;
			params=1;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"SR",2)==0){
			x=2;
			opcode=0x2003;
			params=1;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"CMP",3)==0){
			x=3;
			opcode=0x2004;
			params=2;
		}else
			params=0;
		if(params!=0){
			while(line[x]==' ')x++;
			if(line[x]=='%'){
				x++;
				if(line[x]=='R'){
					x++;
					if(line[x]>='0'&&line[x]<='7'){
						r0=line[x]-'0';
						if(params==2){
							x++;
							while(line[x]==' ')x++;
							if(line[x]==','){
								x++;
								while(line[x]==' ')x++;
								if(line[x]=='%'){
									x++;
									if(line[x]=='R'){
										x++;
										if(line[x]>='0'&&line[x]<='7'){
											r1=line[x]-'0';
											return (opcode<<16)|r0<<8|r1;
										}else
											return 0xFFFFFFFF;
									}else
										return 0xFFFFFFFF;
								}else
									return 0xFFFFFFFF;
							}else
								return 0xFFFFFFFF;
						}else
							return (opcode<<16)|r0<<8;
					}else
						return 0xFFFFFFFF;
				}else
					return 0xFFFFFFFF;
			}else
				return 0xFFFFFFFF;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"MOV",3)==0){
			uint32_t data;
			x=3;
			while(line[x]==' ')x++;
			if(line[x]=='$'){
				x++;
				if(sscanf(line+x,"%06X",&data)==1){
					x+=4;
					while(line[x]==' ')x++;
					if(line[x]!=','){ //24 bit TODO: not the best way to parse this
						x+=2;
						while(line[x]==' ')x++;
					}
					if(line[x]==','){
						x++;
						while(line[x]==' ')x++;
						if(line[x]=='%'){
							x++;
							if(line[x]=='R'){
								x++;
								if(line[x]>='0'&&line[x]<='7'){
									r1=line[x]-'0';
									x++;
									if(line[x]=='l')
										return 0x40000000|r1<<16|(data&0xFFFF);
									else if(line[x]=='h')
										return 0x41000000|r1<<16|(data&0xFFFF);
									else
										return 0xFFFFFFFF;
								}else
									return 0xFFFFFFFF;
							}else if(line[x]=='S'){
								x++;
								if(line[x]=='P'){
									return 0x0F000000|(data&0x00FFFFFF);
								}else
									return 0xFFFFFFFF;
							}else
								return 0xFFFFFFFF;
						}else
							return 0xFFFFFFFF;
					}else
						return 0xFFFFFFFF;
				}else
					return 0xFFFFFFFF;
			}else
				return 0xFFFFFFFF;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"HALT",4)==0){
			x=4;
			while(line[x]==' ')x++;
			if(line[x]==0)
				return 0x20050000;
			else
				return 0xFFFFFFFF;
		}else if(strncmp(line,"RET",3)==0){
			return 0x10000000;
		}else if(*line==':')
			return 0xFFFFFFF0;
		return 0xFFFFFFFF;
	}
}

int assembler_context_process(char* line,struct assembler_context_t *assembler_context){
	switch(line[0]){
		case ':':
			if(line[1]==0)
				return 1;
			else{
				char* label=malloc(MAX_LABEL_SIZE+1);
				sscanf(line+1,"%"MAX_LABEL_SIZE_str"s",label);
				struct label_ll_t **current;
				current=&(assembler_context->label_ll);
				while(*current)
					current=&((*current)->next);
				*current=malloc(sizeof(struct label_ll_t));
				(*current)->name=label;
				(*current)->address=assembler_context->current_location;
				(*current)->next=NULL;
			}
			break;
		case 0:
			return 0;
		default:
			assembler_context->current_location+=4;

	}
	return 0;
}

struct assembler_context_t *malloc_assembler_context(){
	struct assembler_context_t *ret;
	ret=malloc(sizeof(struct assembler_context_t));
	ret->current_location=0x00000000;
	ret->label_ll=NULL;
	return ret;
}

void free_assembler_context(struct assembler_context_t *tofree){
	struct label_ll_t *tofree_ll=tofree->label_ll;
	while(tofree_ll){
		struct label_ll_t *temp=tofree_ll;
		tofree_ll=tofree_ll->next;
		free(temp->name);
		free(temp);
	}
	free(tofree);
}